Breadboards & Beaches

Hello and welcome back to my blog! On our last episode, we had just figured out the heating elements for our incubator, had a basic display set-up, and had visited Bongoyo Island. Well, we’ve had a busy 2 weeks and there’s a lot to catch you guys up on.

In terms of work, we’ve made a lot of great progress with our incubator. We spent a lot of time figuring out the best set-up for the heating elements and testing out a lot of different options, but we finally found an arrangement that gets us up to 39 degrees Celsius in 20 minutes

using an 18V power source! We’ve incorporated 3 heating filaments, a fan, and a thermal insulation sheet.

Our controlling circuit has also multiplied to be able to set the temperature of the heaters, control the fan speed, show the values of all the different sensors, and we’re currently working on a pulse and SPO2 sensor as well. In the next few days, we’re going to be able to make a new box for the incubator and make a PCB from our Arduino circuit.

Also, last week, we had the chance to visit Amana Referral Hospital and get feedback on our incubator and the gastroschisis bag from doctors and nurses. We got a lot of really great insights that we worked to incorporate into our designs, and everyone seemed really excited by our projects.

But the incubator is not the only thing we have been working on. This week, we started on the syringe pump design. The project is almost complete; however, we were tasked with modifying the housing so that it can fit multiple sizes of syringes. We’ve been designing and 3D printing a lot of different pieces over the last few days to try and accommodate syringes ranging from a diameter of 0.25 inches to 1.5 inches.

And when we weren’t working, we’ve been having the time of our lives. These last 2 weeks have been so much fun. For our second weekend in Dar, we spent Saturday hauling our laundry to a laundromat and waiting for 4 hours for it to finish. Then on Sunday, we went to Kigamboni beach with our friends at DIT and spent the day swimming and trying to play kick shuttle, a game that Melissa brought that’s like soccer, but instead of a ball, it’s like a shuttlecock as pictured below (I was horrible at it).

During the 3rd week, it was my birthday, and everyone surprised me at dinner with cake. It was so sweet and fun. They have a tradition here where the birthday person gets asked questions like Who’s your best friend here? or Who’s your biggest opp here? and they feed a small piece of cake to that person.

birthday at my fav restaurant here

Then our 3rd weekend was insane. We went to Zanzibar! Pictures could not capture how gorgeous it was. I genuinely did not know that the ocean could be those colors, definitely a giant step up from Galveston.

We got there Friday night and spent the evening exploring Stone Town, a world heritage site. Then we did a walking tour the next morning before heading to Jozani forest, where we did a nature walk and saw the endemic Red Colobus monkey. After Jozani, we headed up to Nungwi for the beach. The next morning, we went to Mnemba atoll for some snorkeling. The water was so clear, and we saw dolphins! They also gave us a fruit platter, and I have missed fruits so much; I really enjoyed that. Then, for our last day, we headed back to Stone Town so we could take a 15-minute boat ride to Chungu Island to see the endemic Aldabra giant tortoise. After the tortoises, we had a delicious lunch at the highest rooftop tea house (tea not included) in Zanzibar, then it was time to head out. It was such a fun trip filled with amazing experiences.

And we’re not done yet. This Wednesday, we went to the title decider of the Tanzanian Premier League (soccer) right here in Dar. The match was between the 2 biggest teams here, Simba and Yanga. All our friends here told us to root for Simba, but we accidentally ended up sitting in the Yanga section. The game was super fun and energetic, and Yanga did end up winning.

I can’t believe that we’re almost one month in, but I hope you guys will stick around for the rest of our adventures! Thank you for reading and see you next time.

Hadi wakati mwingine,
Shreya ♡

 

Third Week in Tanzania: Exploring Hypothermia Data and Dar es Salaam

The Ridge Cafe

The past two weeks have been busy, eventful, and honestly, really rewarding. We’ve settled into a daily routine that I’ve come to enjoy, but now that I’m fully adjusted to life in Dar, I’ve started to make a few tweaks here and there. My host project, as I briefly mentioned in my last post, is primarily computational. So rather than climbing the seven flights of stairs to the DIT Design Studio every day, I’ve started working from local coffee shops on some mornings. It’s been a fun way to explore the city, enjoy a good breakfast, and take advantage of strong WiFi while still getting my work done. It’s also helped me stay motivated, which can sometimes be tricky with screen-heavy, data-intensive work.

 

As for the project itself, these last two weeks have been full of learning. I’ve deepened my understanding of hypothermia trends in newborns across four countries: Malawi, Tanzania, Kenya, and Nigeria. I’ve been working closely with my mentors, Dr. Bohne and John, and even got to collaborate with a NEST360 team member affectionately nicknamed Hypothermia Hannah, who has helped me translate findings into clear, impactful visualizations. The goal is to give facility partners meaningful context around their progress and needs.

One visualization I created tracks transitions in newborn thermal states—for example, showing how many babies are admitted normothermic and become hypothermic, or the reverse. While I’ve removed the facility name for data safety reasons, I hope to share more formally with Rice360 later on since this work is part of a larger publication!



Another big focus has been analyzing ambient temperature data collected via the HADLI monitor—a NEST360-qualified technology used to track ward temperatures (among other environmental conditions) in low-resource settings. I’ve been visualizing temperature trends across facilities in all four countries, and one big question we’re exploring is: What counts as an ideal ward temperature? WHO recommends temperatures between 25–28°C, but some literature suggests slightly higher temps may be even better, depending on the circumstances of birth. I’ve been experimenting with a broader range, like 25–35°C, to help facilities understand when they’re falling outside of safe parameters, especially when it comes to preventing newborn hypothermia.

Next, I’ll be diving into research to explore the relationship between ward temperature and newborn thermal states. Now that I know both datasets well, I’m excited (and slightly intimidated) to dig into past literature and methodology. This is where the advanced statistics come in: testing approaches, refining models, and going through cycles of trial, error, and revision. It’s a challenge I’m genuinely looking forward to, and one that will push me to think critically about how to best capture and communicate these associations, but I know I am greatly supported. John, my mentor and a data analyst for NEST, is so, so brilliant, and I’m confident he’ll have some valuable direction for me.

Bongoyo Island

Outside of work, we’ve had some amazing moments too. A few weekends ago, we visited Bongoyo Island, just off the coast of Dar. It was serene and absolutely magical. Last weekend, we spent time in the south of Dar at a beach in Kigamboni near our DIT mentor Joel’s home, alongside many DIT students and staff we see every day. It was refreshing to see everyone outside of the workshop, playing beach games and swimming.

We also celebrated Shreya’s birthday this week! Andy and I worked with a few DIT students to surprise her with a cake at dinner. I didn’t expect so many of them to come, but it was genuinely heartwarming to see them all show up. We celebrated at one of our favorite restaurants (yes, we have favorites now!), an Indian spot called Chowpatty. I still can’t believe we’ve been here long enough to say that! Living in the city center and working closely with local mentors has taught me so much about Dar and Tanzania’s history. One fascinating piece has been learning about the large Indian immigrant population here, especially concentrated in parts of the city like Kisutu. 

Beach Day in Kigamboni
Birth Day in Dar es Salaam
 

 

 

 

 

 


On the language front, I’m trying to keep learning Swahili, though I’ll admit my memory isn’t the best. I’ve mastered basic greetings and food terms (priorities!), and my mentor recommended a book that I plan to pick up next week to deepen my learning.

But first… Zanzibar!!! We’re heading there this weekend for a little escape, and it just so happens that the trip begins tomorrow… on my 22nd birthday! I can’t wait to write all about it in the next blog post.

Asante kwa kusoma!

Travel Incubator📈📈📈[Andy]

Technical Updates

We really hit the ground running in the first weeks of our internship! We started with orientations and refreshers on some foundational prototyping skills: 3D design in SolidWorks, 3D printing, laser cutting, printed circuit board design and fabrication, and soldering.

Figure 1: I think I might need to work on my posture.
        Then, we moved on to our host projects. One project that we’re taking on here is an automated syringe pump, a device that’s meant to inject liquid medication in precise quantities over time. Although there is a functioning prototype, our goal is to expand its use to be able to accommodate more than just one size of syringe. Our focus for this project next week will be to acquire all the syringe types we need so that we can begin physical design iterations.
         The second host project, the one with which we’ve spent the majority of our time with so far, is a travel incubator. The purpose of this device is to transport babies within and between hospitals while preventing hypothermia. So far, we’ve focused on the heating method and the sensing and control systems that go along with it. This has involved plenty of jumper cables, bread boarding, and silly mistakes that probably could have been avoided if I didn’t have the memory of a baby goldfish. I’m very glad Shreya just took a class about Arduinos in Italy a few weeks ago as I would have been significantly more helpless alone.
Figure 2: Arduino interface for controlling the travel incubator. The top panel is the code editor and the bottom is the temperature sensor outputs.

       Right now, we have an Arduino setup that reads data from three different temperature sensors and displays these temperatures on an OLED screen. The screen is controlled by a knob that can turn and be pressed down for different inputs. The configuration also allows for the control of a 12V or 24V power source for the heating components. Finally, there is a buzzer and a light that can be used for status notifications and alarms.

       Today, we began controlled testing of the heating capabilities of our current design. The testing apparatus is shown in Figure 3:

Figure 3: (left) The current prototype testing setup. Four different sensors collected temperature data for 20 minutes of heating for each trial. (right) heating elements from 3D printers are attached to the coil, and air circulation is provided by a fan.
       The results of the testing so far are imperfect, but promising! We have been able to get our incubator up to a temperature of around 34 degrees Celsius, with the heating coil reaching a temperature of 51 degrees Celsius, after about 20 minutes of heating. By controlling the airflow better and potentially adding more heating elements, we will be able to achieve higher temperatures in less time. The progress on this project has been really exciting, and we’re pretty close to having a working prototype!

Miscellaneous Updates

       Last weekend, Melissa, Shreya, and I took a trip to the uninhabited Bongoyo Island a 30 minute boat ride off the coast of Dar es Salaam. We had a great time relaxing on the beach and I felt lucky to spot hermit crabs and some cool fish.

Figure 4: (left) View from Bongoyo (right) shell with legs
       We’ve explored a lot of interesting cuisine in our time here, as well, including Italian, Indian, Mediterranean, Mexican, and of course local Tanzanian dishes. Each night means a new restaurant to look forward to eating at! When the dishes are especially aesthetic, I have to make sure the camera eats first (Figure 5).📸😋
Figure 5: (left) Enchilada at Amigos, a Mexican restaurant
(right) Schwarma at Levant, a Lebanese place
       We’ve made ourselves quite busy here, but luckily I still had time to display a very important message on the OLED screen we’re using for the travel incubator:
Figure 6: Social Media Advertisement
Thanks for following along with my journey!
Until next time,
Andy
P.S.: We saw these cats at lunch one day and I thought they were cute.
Figure 7: paka wawili (two cats)

Incubators & Islands

Hello and welcome back to my blog! These last 2 weeks have been nothing short of spectacular, both with the internship and exploring Tanzania.

The first few days of week 1, we did an insane amount of skill building, learning, and practicing things like SolidWorks, PCB making, laser cutting, and Arduino. My favorite was PCB (Printed Circuit Board) making, especially because of the unique way that they make it at DIT.

We first started by making the schematic in the software Proteus. After that, the schematic is printed on glossy printer paper, and then an iron (YES, AN IRON) is used to transfer the schematic to a copper sheet. Then it’s time to make the (literally magic) solution by mixing 1 cup of vinegar, 3 splashes of hydrogen peroxide, and 2 tablespoons of salt. Put the copper sheet in the solution and wait for a couple of hours to dissolve the unwanted copper. Then, after a bit of sanding, the PCB is ready!

After the skill building, we got to work on our projects, with our main focus these last 2 weeks being the incubator. We have made great progress on the incubator, having been able to figure out the heating system and code an Arduino to control all the sensors and heaters. Soon we’ll be able to put it all together for our first prototype!

Figuring out the heating system took a lot of trial and error. In total we tried 6 different heating elements, but found that they either did not effectively heat the entire area, did not dissipate heat properly, or had high power demands which is not ideal for a country like Tanzania. After some research into how refrigerators and heaters work, we tried putting 3D printer heating filaments into a copper pipe. We chose 3D printer heating filaments since they reach very high temperatures quickly and have a low power requirement. However they are very small, so they only heat a small surface area. Our hope was that by putting them in the copper pipe, the pipe would heat up very quickly and dissipate heat to its surroundings. After some trial and error with how to put the filaments into the pipe we finally got an arrangement that quickly warmed up our entire incubator.

For the Arduino in the project we are currently having it power 3 sensors, 1 heating filament, 1 OLED display, a rotary encoder to change and set the temperature, and an alarm. The first sensor is for the

baby’s temperature which will be in direct contact with the baby’s skin. The second is a non-contact temperature and humidity sensor for the incubator. The third is on the heating filament to check what temperature it is at. Our display screen shows the values of the different sensors and also has options to set the incubator temperature. The alarm goes off when the baby temperature leaves the set values and signify when the incubator is done “pre-heating”.

 

In between this work we grab lunch at a place super close to campus every day, and I found my new favorite food there. It’s called Wali Na Maharage,

basically just beans and rice but the rice tastes so good here. I’ve eaten it pretty much every day and the best part is it only costs $1!

After getting back from DIT, we try to explore Dar by taking a Bajaji (the Tanzanian version of a tuktuk/auto) to a new restaurant every night. Last weekend we even went to an island about 30 minutes away by boat – Bongoyo. It was so gorgeous and it was the perfect place to just relax on the beach for a couple of hours.

These last 2 weeks have been so amazing, I can’t wait to see what these coming weeks have in store for us! Thank you for reading and see you next time.

Hadi wakati mwingine,
Shreya ♡

First Week in Tanzania: Getting Settled, Learning a Lot, and Loving the Food

My first week in Tanzania has been a mix of adjusting, learning, and enjoying little everyday moments. I’m starting to get used to how things work here, especially when it comes to our daily routine. Most mornings start with a short walk over to the Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology (DIT), where we’re working this summer. The real challenge, though, comes after we get to the building–climbing seven flights of stairs to reach the design studio. It’s definitely a workout, but the view of the city from the top makes it worth it.

Once we get settled in, everyone gets to work. The other interns are working on projects assigned by DIT, and I’ve been quietly chipping away at mine, which is part of an initiative with NEST360. I’ve spent most of this week trying to understand the data I was given and get a better grasp of the project overall.
 
My role is to explore the patterns of neonatal hypothermia across four countries–Tanzania, Malawi, Kenya, and Nigeria–and how those patterns are connected to different temperature conditions, both inside and outside hospital wards. I’m working with several data sources. One is the Neonatal Inpatient Dataset, which helps track when babies experience hypothermia (at admission versus later on). I’m also looking at temperature data collected from monitoring systems and even satellite data to understand seasonal changes. The goal is to piece all of this together to better inform how hospitals can prepare for and prevent hypothermia in newborns. It’s been really interesting so far, and I’m excited to keep learning more.

A big highlight of my week was getting to meet Dr. Christine Bohne, my mentor for the project. She’s a Rice alum working with NEST360, and it was so inspiring to hear about her journey in public health. I really appreciated how open she was about her experiences–both professional and personal–and I’m grateful to have someone like her to learn from.

Outside of work, one of the best parts has been getting to know students at DIT. They’ve introduced us to all kinds of traditional Tanzanian food during lunch breaks. My first taste was chipsi mayai (a mix of fries and eggs), which was really good. But my favorite so far has been wali na maharage–rice and beans. It’s simple but so comforting, and it honestly reminds me a little of home.
 

I’ve been surprised by how many different foods I’ve gotten to try in just one week, both traditional dishes and unique versions of things I already knew. I’m really looking forward to the weekend and whatever adventures come next.

First Days in Dar!

My name is Melissa Mar, and I recently graduated from Rice, where I majored in Statistics and minored in Data Science. Most of my academic and professional experience has been computational, so my path to this experience was a little unexpected. I was introduced to members of the Rice360 leadership team while I was looking for international fellowship opportunities that aligned with my interests in global health and education. I wasn’t sure at first if my skill set would be a fit, but I quickly realized that data plays a huge role in solving global health challenges and that my background could be an asset in this space.
 
In our conversations, they suggested I might be particularly interested in the work being done at NEST360 and offered to connect me with someone who could help me take the first steps toward getting involved. This summer, I’m working with NEST360 on a project aimed at understanding hypothermia in newborns across Tanzania and other African countries. The details are still developing, but I already know it’s going to be important, impactful work, and I feel so lucky to be a part of it.
 
I’m also looking forward to the hands-on parts of this internship. I don’t have as much experience with prototyping as some of the other interns, but I’m eager to learn and contribute to our feedback efforts on devices like the tourniquet trainer and gastroschisis bag. It’s exciting (and a little nerve-wracking!) to step outside my comfort zone, but I know it will make me a better teammate and learner in the long run.
 

Being in Tanzania has already been such an eye-opening experience. The pace of life here is different. For example, dinner often turns into a three-hour event. The slower pace feels unfamiliar, maybe even a little uncomfortable. But I can already tell that by the end of my time here, I won’t want it any other way.

It’s also been so incredible to meet our mentors here. Joel, who cares deeply about our experience, has already been such a supportive presence. And Cleria’s kindness and energy have made us feel right at home. I’m so grateful for both of them, and I’m really looking forward to learning even more from them throughout this journey.

About Me – Shreya

Hi everyone!

My name is Shreya, and I am a rising junior from Baker majoring in Bioengineering with a minor in Neuroscience. Growing up in India, I’ve seen firsthand the health disparities in developing countries and the need for low-cost yet high-quality medical devices (it’s part of what inspired me to major in bioengineering), so I’m really excited for this chance to make a meaningful contribution to global health technologies.

The 2 projects that we brought over from Rice are the gastroschisis bag and the tourniquet trainer. The gastroschisis bag (pictured below) was developed by the interns in Tanzania last summer as a low-cost and easily manufacturable solution to gastroschisis – a congenital birth defect where the baby’s intestines protrude outside of the body through a hole in the abdominal wall. Our main goal for this summer is to get feedback on how we can further improve the device and make sure that all the materials are easily available in Tanzania. The tourniquet trainer was developed by a team at Rice this year, which included my fellow intern Andy, to help with first aid training for the life-saving skill.

Aside from those, I’m excited to learn more about our host projects that we’ll be working on at DIT (Dar es Salaam Institute of Technology). We’ve already met some people there, like the director general of DIT – Dr. Msumba, the head of the design studio – Joel, the assistant manager – Cleria, and some of their friends who have been the sweetest and have already shown us around Dar es Salaam. Below are pictures of us at lunch and the ocean (which is just a short walk away!)

I’m grateful for this opportunity to not only contribute to the healthcare system, in whatever way I can, but also to explore this beautiful country, immerse myself in the culture, eat some delicious food, and hopefully pick up some Swahili. I can’t wait to see what the next 2 months have in store for us and I hope you’ll follow along through these blogs!

Until next time (or in Swahili – hadi wakati mwingine),
Shreya ♡

Greetings from Dar es Salaam! [Andy]

Yesterday, my plane landed in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania!

I’m Andy Corliss, a rising senior at Hanszen college studying bioengineering with a minor in global health technologies. I’m really excited for the chance to contribute to global health in a meaningful way through this program. 

The first project I’m working on is a low cost tourniquet training mannequin which my team last semester dubbed “Tourni-Kit”. We started it in the Appropriate Design for Global Health course in January 2025. The goal of this project is to improve access to life-saving bleeding control first aid training in a market where current models cost hundreds if not thousands of dollars. 

By the end of the Spring semester, our team (Figure 1) had developed a working arm prototype that bleeds and stops bleeding at the appropriate pressure of a tourniquet being applied. In Tanzania, our primary goal with this project is to get feedback on this current prototype on how it can be improved. Additionally, there are several areas of improvement that we’ve already identified, such as durability to water exposure and consistency of the bleeding mechanism. Another focus area will be to ensure a prototype can be fabricated from locally sourced materials.

Team Tourni-Kit

 

Figure 1: Presenting the current Tourni-Kit prototype at the Huff OEDK Engineering Design Showcase in April 2025. Left to right: Katie Voong (currently in Malawi with Rice360!), Joanna Wei, myself, Naayaa Mehta, Justin Xia.

The second project we’re taking is the gastroschisis bag, which is a treatment for newborns with a birth defect that causes their intestines to be on the outside of their body. Although it is a treatable condition with high survival rates in the United States, the standard method of care there is too expensive to be implemented in much of Africa.

Previous Rice360 interns have developed a prototype designed to isolate and protect newborns’ intestines out of just two materials that can be fabricated in only about 15 minutes (Figure 2). Moving forward, there are two major goals to get this device closer to helping real patients. The first is to find a way to sterilize it and maintain this sterilization until it is used. The second is to develop an effective way to package it. Another goal to make the gastroschisis project a success is to ensure the materials can be locally sourced here at DIT.

 

Figure 2: Current gastroschisis bag prototype. A 500 Tanzanian Shilling coin (slightly bigger than an American quarter) is used for size reference.

Starting tomorrow, we’ll be planning other projects such as our collaboration with DIT students.

Although I was a little nervous initially, Joel, Cleria, Dr. Msumba, and everyone else I’ve met here have made me feel so at home even in the first 24 hours. I’m so excited to keep learning from everyone and I’ll make sure to share the highlights in this blog.

Stay tuned!

Figure 3: Keeping my Swahili Duolingo streak alive!